Some nouns with an “s” at the end are considered as plural nouns. However, not all plural nouns have an “s” at the end. There are nouns that need to be changed the one/two/three letters in the end or else nothing to change at all. To know more about it, read this and share to your friends who want to learn the English language.
Get ready and catch all these important information about the plural rules which absolutely help you out in constructing a sentence and pluralizing each noun.
1. To make the singular noun plural, just add an “s” to the end.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| frog | frogs |
| tree | trees |
2. Add “es” if the singular noun ends in -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, or -z.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| bus | buses |
| kiss | kisses |
| wish | wishes |
| tax | taxes |
| blitz | blitzes |
3. Add “s” if the noun ends in “y” and the letter before “y” is a vowel.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| key | keys |
| holiday | holidays |
4. Change “y” to “i” and add “es” if the noun ends in “y” and the letter before “y” is consonant.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| story | stories |
| city | cities |
5. Add “ves” if the noun ends in “f” or “fe.” Just remove the “f/fe.”
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| loaf | loaves |
| wolf | wolves |
Exceptions: belief – beliefs, chef – chefs, roof – roofs, cliff – cliffs, chief – chiefs.
6. Add “es” if the noun ends in “o.”
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| tomato | tomatoes |
| hero | heroes |
Exceptions: halo – halos, photo – photos, piano – pianos.
7. Change the noun that ends in “us” to “i.”
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| focus | foci |
| cactus | cacti |
8. Change the noun that ends in “on” to “a.”
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| criterion | criteria |
| phenomenon | phenomena |
9. Change the noun that ends in “is” to “es.”
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| ellipsis | ellipses |
| analysis | analyses |
10. There are nouns that are spelled the same even in plural forms.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| sheep | sheep |
| deer | deer |
| aircraft | aircraft |
11. There are nouns that become plural by changing the spelling in other ways than adding an “s” or “es” to the end of the word.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| foot | feet |
| mouse | mice |
| person | people |
| child | children |
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