Suffix – a letter or group of letters added at the end of a word to make a new word.
There is a lot of suffixes in English. There may be more than one meaning in one suffix depending on the usage. It can be a noun, adjective, verb, or adverb.
In order to know more about it, here are some of the suffixes with their meanings and examples.
| NOUN SUFFIXES | ||
| Suffix | Meaning | Example |
| -eer | associate with something | volunteer, engineer |
| -ence/-ance | state or quality of | reliance, eminence, compliance |
| -er/-or | the one who performs the action | orator, translator, trainer, |
| -ion | the action or process of | revision, creation |
| -ism | belief or doctrine | Agnosticism, communism |
| -ity | the condition of | equality, serenity |
| -ment | the result of | amusement, movement |
| -ness | state of being | happiness, calmness |
| -ship | position held | friendship, fellowship |
| -sion/-tion/-xion | state of being | obsession, population, complexion |
| -th | state or quality of | warmth, depth |
| -logy | theory | cosmology, theology |
| -hood | state or quality of | brotherhood, childhood |
| -dom | state or quality of | freedom, kingdom |
| ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES | ||
| Suffix | Meaning | Example |
| -able/-ible | capable of being | understandable, adaptable |
| -al | pertaining to | mechanical, industrial |
| -ese/-i | denoting to | Lebanese, Vietnamese, Iraqi |
| -ful | full or notable of | beautiful, wonderful |
| -ic/-cal | pertaining to | ecstatic, magical |
| -ish | belonging to or state of being | Spanish, Boyish |
| -ive | having the nature of | responsive, creative |
| -ian/-an | belonging to | Italian, American |
| -less | without | clueless, homeless |
| -ous/-ious | characterized by | various, victorious |
| -y | characterized by | sleepy, juicy |
| VERB SUFFIXES | ||
| Suffix | Meaning | Example |
| -ate | become | validate, abominate |
| -en | become | golden, enlighten |
| -er | action or process | tighter, faster |
| -ish | do | accomplish, flourish |
| -fy/-ify | make | qualify, magnify |
| -ize | become | recognize, scrutinize |
| ADVERB SUFFIXES | ||
| Suffix | Meaning | Example |
| -ly | in what manner | artificially, temporarily |
| -ward | direction | afterward, rearward |
| -wise | in relation to | otherwise, likewise |
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